Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire, is much more than just a starting point for Machu Picchu. It is a vibrant and magical city that combines history, culture, nature, and adventure. Every corner of Cusco holds a fascinating story and offers unique experiences that you cannot miss. In this complete guide, we will explore the most outstanding places and activities to make the most of your visit.
Cusco, the heart of the Inca Empire
Why Cusco is a unique destination
Cusco is a place where the past and present coexist in perfect harmony. It was the center of the vast Inca Empire and, after the arrival of the Spaniards, became an example of the fusion of two cultures. Today, its architecture, cobblestone streets, and traditions make it an essential destination for lovers of history and culture.
What to expect when visiting Cusco
Prepare to walk through narrow alleys full of history, enjoy unique cuisine, and admire breathtaking landscapes. Cusco is also the gateway to adventures in the Andes, with a perfect mix of cultural, natural, and spiritual activities.
Tourist attractions you must visit in Cusco
Plaza de Armas: The city center
The Plaza de Armas is the heart of Cusco, surrounded by colonial churches, restaurants, and historical buildings. It’s a perfect place to relax, take photos, and enjoy the unique atmosphere of the city.
San Pedro Market: Flavors and crafts
Immerse yourself in local culture by visiting this market, where you’ll find fresh produce, crafts, and typical dishes. It’s an excellent place to try authentic Cusco cuisine and take home unique souvenirs.
We recommend these tours
Cultural heritage: Museums, churches, and monuments
Most important museums in Cusco
Inka Museum
Explore the legacy of the Inca Empire at this museum that houses an impressive collection of artifacts and tools from the era.
Museum of Pre-Columbian Art
Admire unique pieces from ancient cultures that inhabited Peru, from jewelry to ceramics.
Most representative churches
Cusco Cathedral
Located in the Plaza de Armas, this cathedral is an impressive example of Spanish colonial architecture. Inside, you’ll find works of religious art that reflect the fusion of cultures.
San Cristóbal Church
With panoramic views of the city, this church is an ideal place to appreciate Cusco from the heights.
Sacsayhuamán: Fortress and Inca legacy
This imposing Inca construction is famous for its huge stone blocks assembled with precision. It’s an ideal place to learn about Inca engineering and architecture.
Exploring archaeological sites near Cusco
Pisac ruins and its indigenous market
Pisac combines history and culture with its archaeological complex and famous handicraft market, where you can buy textiles and handmade products.
Ollantaytambo: The living fortress
This still-inhabited Inca village features impressive agricultural terraces and a fortress that offers spectacular views of the Sacred Valley.
Choquequirao: The lost city
Known as the “younger brother of Machu Picchu,” this less-visited archaeological site is ideal for adventurers seeking an authentic experience.
Other notable archaeological sites
Tambomachay: Water temple
This ceremonial site is dedicated to water and offers a glimpse into the hydraulic knowledge of the Incas.
Puka Pukara: The red fortress
This place served as a military outpost and offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.
The Sacred Valley of the Incas: Nature and culture
Charming villages of the Sacred Valley
Explore places like Urubamba, Yucay, and Maras, where you can interact with local communities and learn about their way of life.
Ruins of Ollantaytambo and Pisac
These archaeological sites are not only impressive for their architecture but also for the views they offer of the Sacred Valley.
Outdoor activities in the Sacred Valley
From hiking to biking and rafting, the Sacred Valley is a paradise for nature and adventure enthusiasts.
Machu Picchu: The jewel of the Andes
How to get to Machu Picchu from Cusco
You can take a train from Ollantaytambo or Aguas Calientes, or embark on an epic hike like the Inca Trail.
Tips for making the most of your visit
Arrive early to avoid the crowds, bring water, sunscreen, and follow the guidelines of the guides to respect the archaeological site.
Best time to visit Machu Picchu
The dry season, from May to September, is ideal for enjoying the best views and avoiding the rains.
Activities you must do in Cusco
The Inca Trail: History and unforgettable landscapes
This four-day route takes you through stunning Andean landscapes to the citadel of Machu Picchu.
Alternative routes: From Choquequirao to Machu Picchu
For adventurers, this route offers spectacular views and a quieter experience away from the crowds.
Lesser-known trails: The Resistance Route
Explore less-traveled paths that connect you with the history and nature of the Andes.
Nature and biodiversity of Cusco
National parks and nature reserves
Visit places like Manu National Park and the Ausangate Reserve to enjoy unique landscapes and incredible biodiversity.
Exploring the flora and fauna of the Andes
From vicuñas to condors, the Andes are home to a wide variety of species that enrich the experience of exploring Cusco.
Outdoor activities and adventure sports
Rafting, mountain biking, and extreme sports
Cusco offers thrilling activities like rafting on the Urubamba River and mountain biking on the trails of the Sacred Valley.
Inti Raymi: The Festival of the Sun
Held in June, this festival is a reenactment of Inca rituals in honor of the sun.
The Virgin of Carmen in Paucartambo
This colorful celebration combines music, dance, and tradition in a unique spectacle.
What to bring and how to prepare
Pack comfortable clothing, sunscreen, insect repellent, and water. Acclimating a few days before engaging in intense physical activities is key to avoiding altitude sickness.
Best time to travel to Cusco
- Pack wisely: Bring comfortable clothes, sunscreen, insect repellent, and a water bottle.
- Acclimatization: Dedicate a few days to acclimate to the altitude, especially if you will be engaging in intense physical activities.
- Ideal season: Travel during the dry season (May to September) to enjoy better weather for outdoor activities.
- Avoid crowds: Visit tourist attractions early in the morning to avoid crowds.
- Local cuisine: Try typical dishes at markets and small restaurants for an authentic experience.
- Cash: Make sure to carry Peruvian soles, as not all places accept credit cards.