Visiting the Main Square (Plaza de Armas) of Arequipa is like diving into the vibrant heart of the White City. From the very first moment, you can feel that unique blend of living history, architectural beauty, and everyday energy that few squares manage to convey. I’ve been fortunate enough to stroll through its arcades and sit back to watch the comings and goings of tourists and locals, and the truth is that each visit reveals something new. If you want to truly understand the soul of Arequipa, starting at its Main Square is undoubtedly the best first step.
The intention of those seeking information about the Main Square of Arequipa is usually clear: they want to know not only what to see but also how to get there, what to do, and why this public space is so special. The square is not only the stage for major local events but also the ideal starting point to discover the historical, cultural, and architectural richness of the city.
Colonial and Republican history of the square
The Main Square of Arequipa was laid out in 1540, just after the city was founded by Spanish conquerors. Since then, it has been the epicenter of political, religious, and social power. In my experience, walking through it feels like taking a stroll through the living pages of a Peruvian history book.
During colonial times, it was surrounded by the most important houses of the founders and authorities, while the majestic Cathedral Basilica began to be built on one of its main sides. The square has witnessed uprisings, patriotic celebrations, and notable architectural changes following the earthquakes that have shaken the city.
In republican times, the square solidified as a symbol of Arequipa’s pride. The surroundings were remodeled with gardens, fountains, and monuments, such as the Monument to the Unknown Soldier, which today are essential parts of the urban landscape. What fascinates me the most is how each era left its mark without erasing the original essence of the place.
Location in the historic center
The Main Square is literally at the heart of Arequipa’s historic center, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Surrounded by buildings made of white sillar, that characteristic volcanic stone, it’s impossible to miss: practically all the main streets of the old town lead to it.
On one side stands the imposing Cathedral Basilica; on the opposite side, the traditional commercial arcades; on the sides, colonial buildings converted today into boutique hotels, cafés, and municipal offices. Something that always impresses me is how this privileged location allows for easy connections to other nearby attractions: the Santa Catalina Monastery is less than a five-minute walk away.
How to get to the Main Square
Getting to the Main Square is simple. From any point in the historic center, you can walk there in less than 15 minutes. The main avenues Santa Catalina, San Francisco, and Portal de Flores surround it directly.
- From the airport: It’s common to take a taxi or private service; the journey takes about 25 to 30 minutes.
- From the bus terminal: A taxi takes about 15-20 minutes depending on traffic.
- Public transport: Several urban bus lines stop a few blocks away (for example, near the San Camilo market), although I personally recommend walking to enjoy the urban landscape.
In my opinion, strolling leisurely from any nearby point is an unmissable experience: it allows you to discover unique details in the colonial facades and truly feel how the city pulses.
Location map and references
For those who prefer to locate themselves visually, here’s a basic reference:
| Landmark | Distance to the square |
|---|---|
| Santa Catalina Monastery | 300 meters (4 min walk) |
| San Camilo Market | 600 meters (8 min walk) |
| Andean Sanctuaries Museum | 200 meters (3 min walk) |
The exact address would be: Plaza Mayor de Arequipa, Cercado, Arequipa. If you use apps like Google Maps or Waze, just search for “Main Square Arequipa” to get precise routes from any point.
Activities and attractions in the square
I’m not exaggerating when I say the square never sleeps. At any hour, you’ll find something interesting: from street musicians to children feeding pigeons under the cool shade of its century-old palm trees.
- Visit the Cathedral: You can explore its interior and even climb to the viewpoint for spectacular views of the Misti volcano.
- Stroll through the arcades: Under its arches are historic cafés where you can try traditional Arequipeño coffee or a typical pastry.
- Take panoramic photos: The contrast between the white facades and the blue Arequipeño sky is simply photogenic; I never tire of trying from different angles.
- Rest on the benches: Perfect for observing daily life or reading a book under the blooming jacarandas.
- Join a guided tour: Many tours depart from here to explore the historic center or even for excursions to nearby volcanoes.
A concrete example: I recently witnessed a free folk performance organized by the municipality right in front of the Cathedral; tourists and locals mingled, enjoying traditional music with colorful costumes. It’s those kinds of surprises that make each visit different.
Safety and recommendations for visitors
Well, a common question is whether it’s safe to visit the Main Square. According to my experience and feedback from traveling friends, it’s quite a safe area during the day and even into the night. There is a permanent police presence and surveillance cameras installed at key points.
- Watch your belongings: As in any crowded place, keep your personal items in sight to avoid mishaps.
- Cross with caution: Some nearby streets may have heavy vehicle traffic.
- Don’t rely solely on sunny weather: The Arequipeño sun can be deceptive; use sunscreen even if you don’t feel strong heat.
- Food and drinks: Prefer recommended or busy establishments; this way, you’ll avoid unpleasant surprises.
I personally recommend visiting early in the morning or around sunset: there’s less hustle and bustle, and the lights make everything look even more magical.
Festivities and events in the Main Square
The Main Square is a recurring stage for key festivities for the people of Arequipa. The most important is undoubtedly the anniversary of Arequipa (August), when the entire square fills with colorful parades, civic marches, and free concerts. I remember once attending a serenade in front of the Cathedral: entire families danced together while fireworks lit up the night sky. It’s impossible not to feel caught up in that collective joy.
- Sermon of the Three Hours (Holy Week): A religious tradition with impactful processions.
- Anniversary of Arequipa: School parades, food fairs, and artistic presentations over several days.
- Official ceremonies: The raising of the national flag every Sunday gathers authorities and the general public.
- Spontaneous cultural events: From book fairs to temporary outdoor exhibitions.
Photo gallery of the square
The Cathedral Basilica dominates the northern side; its neoclassical façade stands out especially at sunset.
Frequently asked questions about the Main Square of Arequipa
- Is the square open all day?
Yes, it is a public space open 24 hours. However, it’s best to visit between 7:00 am and 10:00 pm for greater safety and a lively atmosphere. - Are there guided tours?
Yes, several companies offer historical tours starting from the square or you can hire official guides near the arcades. - Can you enter the Cathedral?
Yes, by paying a small entrance fee, you can explore it and even climb to the viewpoint (check updated hours). - Where to eat nearby?
In the arcades, you’ll find historic cafés and typical restaurants with varied menus; some offer balconies with direct views of the square. - Is the square accessible for people with reduced mobility?
The sidewalks have been progressively adapted; some areas may have slight unevenness, but there are ramps at strategic points.
It doesn’t matter if you’re traveling alone or with company: discovering the Main Square is always an enriching experience. Do you have your camera ready? Take your time to get lost among its arcades and be surprised… And if you’ve been there already, what impressed you the most? Share your experience or get ready to visit it soon!
Don’t forget to include a stroll through the Main Square in your itinerary for Arequipa: it’s more than just a square, it’s the true living heart of the White City.