Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire, is an exceptional destination that uniquely blends culture, history, and natural landscapes. Located in the heart of the Peruvian Andes, this iconic city serves as the gateway to wonders such as Machu Picchu and the Sacred Valley.
Here at Machu Picchu Wayna, you will find everything you need to plan your visit, from its geographical location to its main attractions and practical tips to make the most of your experience.
Geographical Location of Cusco
Cusco is located in southeastern Peru, within the Andes mountain range. The city sits at an altitude of 3,399 meters above sea level, with approximate geographic coordinates of 13°31′30″ south latitude and 71°58′20″ west longitude. Nestled in a valley surrounded by mountains and hills, it is crossed by the Huatanay River, which flows into the Vilcanota River.
Brief History of Cusco
Cusco, known as the historical capital of Peru, was the political, administrative, and religious center of the Inca Empire, considered the largest in pre-Columbian America. Founded around the 12th century, according to traditional accounts, the city was established by Manco Cápac and Mama Ocllo, the legendary founders of Tahuantinsuyo.
After the arrival of the Spanish conquerors in 1533, Cusco was looted and transformed into a colonial city, incorporating Spanish constructions over the foundations of ancient Inca temples and palaces. This architectural and cultural contrast has made Cusco a symbol of the fusion between Andean and Western cultures.
Today, Cusco is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site (1983) and remains an important cultural and tourist center, providing access to sites such as Machu Picchu and the Sacred Valley of the Incas.
Interactive Map of Cusco’s Historic Center
Check out our interactive map to explore the city’s highlights, such as the Plaza de Armas, Qorikancha, and the historic neighborhoods of San Blas.
What to Do in Cusco? Main Tourist Attractions
Get to Know the City of Cusco: History and Culture in Every Corner
Walking through the streets of Cusco’s center feels like traveling back in time. Every street has stories to tell, from the Inca past to the colonial era. We recommend starting your visit at the Plaza de Armas, surrounded by the Cusco Cathedral and the Church of the Society of Jesus.
Visit the Plaza de Armas and the Cathedral
This is the historic center of the city, surrounded by colonial buildings such as the Cusco Cathedral and the Church of the Society of Jesus. It is a perfect place to stroll, admire the architecture, and learn about the city’s history.
Discover Qorikancha, the Temple of the Sun
Qorikancha, or the Temple of the Sun, was the most sacred place in the Inca Empire, dedicated to the god Inti. Although the Spanish built the Convent of Santo Domingo over its foundations, its beautiful Inca stone walls can still be admired.
Walk the Cobblestone Streets of the San Blas Neighborhood
A picturesque neighborhood with narrow, cobbled streets, known for its bohemian atmosphere, artisan workshops, and cafes. It is ideal for exploring on foot and enjoying panoramic views of Cusco.
Explore Sacsayhuamán and Its Beautiful Walls
Just a few minutes from the city, this archaeological site stands out for its impressive stone walls, some of which contain blocks weighing over 100 tons. It was an important Inca ceremonial center. From this point, you can also enjoy a panoramic view of the city.
San Pedro Market
A traditional market offering a wide variety of local products, such as fruits, vegetables, handicrafts, and typical food. It is an ideal place to immerse yourself in Cusco’s culture and buy souvenirs.
Where to Start Your Visit to Cusco? Recommended Itineraries
To make the most of your time in Cusco, consider this itinerary:
- Day 1 in Cusco: Explore Plaza de Armas, Qorikancha, and San Blas Neighborhood.
- Day 2 in Cusco: Visit Sacsayhuamán and San Pedro Market.
- Day 3 or more: Explore nearby sites such as Tambomachay, Puka Pukara, and the Sacred Valley.
We also offer a tour to explore Cusco city, visiting its main attractions such as Plaza de Armas, Qorikancha, Sacsayhuamán, and San Blas neighborhood. Our tour allows you to enjoy the history, architecture, and stunning landscapes of the city, accompanied by detailed information about each site for an enriching experience.
Frequently Asked Questions About Cusco
How to Get to Cusco
How to Get There from Lima or Other Cities?
- By Plane: The fastest and most convenient way is to fly from Jorge Chávez International Airport (Lima) to Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport (Cusco). The flight takes approximately 1 hour and 20 minutes. Several airlines offer direct flights between both cities.
- By Bus: Traveling by bus from Lima to Cusco is also an option. The journey takes between 20 and 24 hours, depending on the transport company and travel conditions. Major bus companies offer comfortable routes with additional services.
The Climate and the Best Time to Visit
What Is the Climate Like in Cusco Throughout the Year?
Cusco’s climate is temperate and features two main seasons:
Dry Season (May-October)
Daytime temperatures are pleasant (16°C-20°C), but nights can be cold (0°C-5°C). Due to its altitude (3,399 meters above sea level), the weather can change quickly, so wearing appropriate clothing is recommended.
Rainy Season (November-April)
Daytime temperatures range from 18°C-20°C, while nighttime temperatures drop to 5°C-8°C, with frequent rains, especially in January and February.
When Is the Best Time to Visit Cusco?
The best time is during the dry season, especially in June when the Inti Raymi festival is celebrated.
Travel Preparations
What Clothes to Pack for a Trip to Cusco?
- Light clothing for the day: T-shirts and comfortable pants, plus a light jacket for cool mornings.
- Warm clothing for the night: Sweaters, a coat, or a thick jacket for cold nights.
- Rain gear: A raincoat or poncho, especially if traveling during the rainy season (November-March).
- Comfortable shoes: Trekking shoes or sturdy boots for walking on uneven terrain.
- Sun protection: Sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat due to the altitude.
- Altitude sickness prevention: Coca tea and consulting a doctor about preventive medication.
How to Avoid Altitude Sickness in Cusco?
- Acclimate by resting upon arrival in Cusco.
- Stay well hydrated by drinking plenty of water to prevent dehydration.
- Eat light meals.
- Drink coca tea.
- Avoid alcohol and tobacco during the first few days.
- Consult a doctor about preventive medications such as acetazolamide.
Accommodation and Food
Where to Stay in Cusco? Recommended Options
Cusco offers accommodations for all budgets:
- Luxury: Belmond Hotel Monasterio.
- Mid-range: Casa Andina.
- Budget: Hostels in San Blas.
Where to Eat in Cusco? Restaurants and Traditional Food
- Plaza de Armas: This area features a wide variety of restaurants, many with views of the square, where you can enjoy traditional dishes and international options.
- San Blas Neighborhood: Known for its bohemian atmosphere, this district offers cozy restaurants serving local dishes and gourmet meals, ideal for tourists.
- San Pedro Market: An excellent place to try fresh and authentic local dishes at the market food stalls.
Tourist Services
Where to Hire a Tour Guide in Cusco?
We have professional guides who will accompany you during your visit to the city and its main attractions. We offer a complete tour of the city’s destinations, ensuring a rich and safe experience.
In Plaza de Armas, you can also find reliable agencies. Additionally, you can book tours online in advance.
What Currency to Use in Cusco? Financial Tips
The local currency is the Peruvian Sol (PEN). Carry small denominations of cash for markets and taxis.
Special Travelers
Is Cusco Suitable for Senior Travelers?
Cusco is a suitable destination for seniors, but due to its altitude and uneven terrain, it is important to take precautions, such as properly acclimating upon arrival. Additionally, private transportation options are available, and many hotels and restaurants offer adapted services to ensure greater comfort. With proper planning, seniors can enjoy the city and its rich history and culture without issues.
Photo Gallery of the City of Cusco
Discover the beauty of Cusco through a gallery that highlights its squares, temples, and mountainous landscapes. Each image reflects the historical and cultural essence of this magical city.
